Contract Law
Vitiating Factors
Abuse of Power
Economic duress
An important area of abuse of power is economic duress. Economic duress typically arises where one party threatens to breach a contract unless the other party enters a varied or new contract with terms more favourable to the first party. It also can arise where there is very strong economic pressure to enter a contract. Ordinary economic needs frequently lead to contracts being formed, but vitiation does not arise even if such a contract turns out to be unfair...
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Undue Influence
A presumption exists that contracts formed in relationships of strong influence were not freely agreed to. This is especially where something of substantial value is transferred. Examples include a personal carer and an intellectually handicapped person, or a professional and a client totally reliant on their expertise.
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[1] Universe Tankships of Monrovia v International Transport Workers Federation [1983] 1 AC 366.